1. What is the question being asked in study 1? Why do they ask that question?
Does the Broca’s comprehension deficits of non-canonical constructions emerge due to a failure in processing dependency rleations or due to a slowed-down in the temporal implementation of syntactic structure formation.
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2 What prediction(s) does the hypothesis being tested make?
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3. What are the experimental conditions (independent variable(s)) being tested (both linguistic and neurological)?
Neurological: Broca’s and controls
Linguistic: 1) sentence type, 2) semantically related vs semantically unrelated target, 3) target location.
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4. What are the linguistic constructions being tested?
right-branching relative clauses with wh-movement (study 1).
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5. What does each contribute to the exploration of the question? (Why do they use these constructions?
These sentences allowed testing the time-course implementation of dependency-syntactic relations, which had been proven to be difficult for Broca’s patients.
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6. What is the kind of measurement (dependent variable(s)) being used?
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7. In two sentences, what is the outcome reported?
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8. In light of the Swinney & Zurif and Burkhardt et al findings and class discussion about linguistic structure, what could we conclude is happening in Broca’s area?
Temporal implementation of syntactic structure formation, i.e, the requirement that it be fast and automatic, depends on the integrity of the anterior left hemisphere.
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9. What are non-canonical constructions? Provide an example.
Constructions where the canonical ordering of agent role does not appear before the theme role.
Example: the boy who the girl liked ran a marathon.
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10. What is their connection to gap-filling?
In non-canonical constructions, there is a hypothesized phonologically unpronounced canonical position (i.e. a GAP) that allows the association between the canonical position and the antecedent.
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